Exploring novel colorectal cancer biomarkers in extracellular vesicles from bowel lavage fluid. Characterizing leukocytes of the same cohort

Abstract

[eng] Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global health challenge, with increasing incidence rates in less developed countries and notable declines in mortality rates in high-income nations. This discrepancy is attributed to differences in early detection through screening methods and advancements in treatment. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as potential biomarkers for various diseases. In this study, we identified a subset of differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs from EVs isolated from Bowel Lavage Fluid that hold promise as potential biomarkers for early CRC diagnosis. Moreover, examination of leukocytes from the same cohort revealed dysregulation in antioxidant systems and mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, indicating potential alterations in cellular redox state and energy metabolism. Our findings suggest that EVs derived from the tumor microenvironment could be involved in the immune system antioxidant response mechanisms, emphasizing the significance of oxidative stress and mitochondrial status in CRC pathogenesis.